Tirzepatide

Tirzepatide is a dual agonist of the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor and the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor. It is approved by the FDA for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The drug is not approved for type 1 diabetes mellitus and has not been evaluated in patients with a history of pancreatitis. By activating both GIP and GLP-1 receptors, tirzepatide significantly improves glycemic control and promotes substantial weight loss in individuals with type 2 diabetes. In addition to its approved use, tirzepatide may be prescribed off-label for obesity management. It is typically used as a second-line therapy for diabetes, similar to GLP-1 receptor agonists such as semaglutide. The medication is administered once weekly via subcutaneous injection, with gradual dose escalation as needed.